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| Animal Breeders breed
animals, including cattle, goats, horses, sheep, swine, poultry, dogs,
cats, or pet birds. |
| Select and breed
animals according to their genealogy, characteristics, and offspring. May
require a knowledge of |
| artificial insemination
techniques and equipment use. May involve keeping records on heats, birth
intervals, or |
| pedigree. Excludes
Nonfarm Animal Caretakers who may occasionally breed animals as part of
their other caretaking |
| duties. Also excludes
Animal Scientists whose primary function is research. |
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| Farmworkers, farm and
ranch animals care for live farm, ranch, or aquacultural animals that may
include cattle, |
| sheep, swine, goats,
horses, poultry, finfish, shellfish, and bees. The animals are usually
raised to supply such |
| products as meat, fur,
skins, feathers, eggs, milk, and honey. The farmworkersÆ duties may
include feeding, |
| watering, herding,
grazing, castrating, branding, debeaking, weighing, catching, and loading
animals. On dairy |
| farms, farmworkers
operate milking machines; they also may maintain records on animals,
examine animals to detect |
| diseases and injuries,
assist in delivering animals at their birth, and administer medications,
vaccinations, or |
| insecticides as
appropriate. Daily duties of such farmworkers include cleaning and
maintaining animal housing |
| areas. |
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| Agricultural equipment
operators operate a variety of farm equipment used in plowing, sowing,
maintaining, and |
| harvesting agricultural
products. The equipment may include tractors, fertilizer spreaders,
haybines, raking |
| equipment, balers,
combines, and threshers, as well as trucks. These farmworkers also operate
machines used in |
| moving and treating
crops after their harvest, such as conveyor belts, loading machines,
separators, cleaners, and |
| dryers. In addition,
they may make adjustments and minor repairs to equipment. When not
operating machines, |
| agricultural equipment
operators may perform other farm duties that are not typical of other
farmworkers. |
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| Agricultural
inspectors, another type of agricultural worker, are employed by Federal
and State governments to |
| ensure compliance with
laws and regulations governing the health, quality, and safety of
agricultural commodities. |
| Inspectors also make
sure that the facilities and equipment used in processing the commodities
meet quality |
| standards. Meat safety
is one of their prime responsibilities, and they try to ensure that the
meat we eat is free |
| of harmful ingredients
or bacteria. In meat-processing facilities, inspectors may collect samples
of suspected |
| diseased animals or
materials and send the samples to a laboratory for identification and
analysis. They also may |
| inspect livestock to
help determine the effectiveness of medication and feeding programs. Some
inspectors are |
| stationed at export and
import sites to weigh and inspect agricultural shipments leaving and
entering the country, |
| to ensure the quality
and quantity of the shipments. A few work at logging sites, making sure
that safety |
| regulations are
enforced. |
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| Animal Trainers train
animals for riding, harness, security, performance, or obedience, or
assisting persons with |
| disabilities. Accustom
animals to human voice and contact; and condition animals to respond to
commands. Train |
| animals according to
prescribed standards for show or competition. May train animals to carry
pack loads or work as |
| part of pack
team. |
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| Farmworkers and
laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse perform numerous activities
related to growing and |
| harvesting grains,
fruits, vegetables, nuts, fiber, trees, shrubs, and other crops. Among
their activities are |
| planting and seeding,
pruning, irrigating, harvesting, and packing and loading crops for
shipment. Farmworkers also |
| apply pesticides,
herbicides, and fertilizers to crops; repair fences; and help with
irrigation. Nursery and |
| greenhouse workers
prepare land or greenhouse beds for growing horticultural products, such
as trees, plants, |
| flowers, and sod. Their
duties include planting, watering, pruning, weeding, and spraying the
plants. They may cut, |
| roll, and stack sod;
stake trees; tie, wrap, and pack plants to fill orders; and dig up or move
field-grown and |
| containerized shrubs
and trees. |
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| Graders and sorters of
agricultural products examine agricultural commodities being prepared to
be packed for |
| market and classify
them according to quality or size guidelines. They grade, sort, or
classify unprocessed food |
| and other agricultural
products by size, weight, color, or condition and discard inferior or
defective products. |
| For example, graders
sort eggs are by color and size and also examine the fat content, or
marbling, of beef, |
| assigning a grade of
Prime, Choice, or something else, as appropriate. The grade that is
assigned determines the |
| price at which the
commodity may be sold. |
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| Forest and Conservation
Technicians compile data pertaining to size, content, condition, and other
characteristics |
| of forest tracts, under
direction of foresters; train and lead forest workers in forest
propagation, fire |
| prevention and
suppression. May assist conservation scientists in managing, improving,
and protecting rangelands |
| and wildlife habitats,
and help provide technical assistance regarding the conservation of soil,
water, and related |
| natural
resources. |
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| Forest and conservation
workers perform a variety of tasks to reforest and conserve timberlands
and maintain forest |
| facilities, such as
roads and campsites. Some forest workers, called tree planters, use
digging and planting tools |
| called dibble bars and
hoedads to plant seedlings to reforest timberland areas. Forest workers
also remove diseased |
| or undesirable trees
with power saws or handsaws, spray trees with insecticides and fungicides
to kill insects and |
| to protect against
disease, and apply herbicides on undesirable brush and trees to reduce
competing vegetation. |
| Forest workers in
private industry usually work for professional foresters and paint
boundary lines, assist with |
| prescribed burning, and
aid in marking and measuring trees by keeping a tally of those examined
and counted. Forest |
| workers who work for
State and local governments or who are under contract to the Federal
Government also clear |
| away brush and debris
from camp trails, roadsides, and camping areas under their employersÆ
jurisdiction. |
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| Log graders and scalers
inspect logs for defects, measure logs to determine their volume, and
estimate the |
| marketable content or
value of logs or pulpwood. These workers often use hand-held data
collection terminals to |
| enter data about
individual trees; later, the data can be downloaded or sent from the
scaling area to a central |
| computer via
modem. |
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| Logging equipment
operators on a logging crew perform a number of duties. They use tree
harvesters to shear the |
| tops off of trees, cut
and limb the trees, and then cut the logs into desired lengths. They drive
tractors mounted |
| on crawler tracks
called crawlers, and self-propelled machines called skidders or
forwarders, which drag or |
| transport logs from the
felling site in the woods to the log landing area for loading. They
operate grapple |
| loaders, which lift and
load logs into trucks, and tree fellers or shears, which cut the trees.
Some logging |
| equipment operators use
tracked or wheeled equipment similar to a forklift to unload logs and
pulpwood off of |
| trucks or gondola
railroad cars, usually in a sawmill or a pulp-mill woodyard. Some newer,
more efficient logging |
| equipment is now
equipped with state-of-the-art computer technology, requiring more skilled
operators with more |
| training. |
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| Veterinary Assistants
and Laboratory Animal Caretakers feed, water, and examine pets and other
nonfarm animals for |
| signs of illness,
disease, or injury in laboratories and animal hospitals and clinics. Clean
and disinfect cages |
| and work areas, and
sterilize laboratory and surgical equipment. May provide routine
post-operative care, |
| administer medication
orally or topically, or prepare samples for laboratory examination under
the supervision of |
| veterinary or
laboratory animal technologists or technicians, veterinarians, or
scientists. |
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| Veterinary
technologists and technicians typically conduct clinical work in a private
practice under the |
| supervision of a
veterinarian often performing various medical tests along with treating
and diagnosing medical |
| conditions and diseases
in animals. For example, they may perform laboratory tests such as
urinalysis and blood |
| counts, assist with
dental prophylaxis, prepare tissue samples, take blood samples, or assist
veterinarians in a |
| variety of tests and
analyses in which they often utilize various items of medical equipment,
such as test tubes |
| and diagnostic
equipment. While most of these duties are performed in a laboratory
setting, many tasks are not. For |
| example, some
veterinary technicians obtain and record patient case histories, expose
and develop x-rays, and |
| provide specialized
nursing care. |
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| Veterinarians
play a major role in the healthcare of pets, livestock, and zoo,
sporting, and laboratory animals. |
| Some
veterinarians use their skills to protect humans against diseases
carried by animals and conduct clinical |
| research on human
and animal health problems. Others work in basic research,
broadening the scope of fundamental |
| theoretical
knowledge and, in applied research, developing new ways to use
knowledge. Most veterinarians perform |
| clinical work in
private practices. More than one-half of these veterinarians
predominately, or exclusively, treat |
| small animals.
Small-animal practitioners usually care for companion animals, such
as dogs and cats, but also treat |
| birds, reptiles,
rabbits, and other animals that can be kept as pets. About
one-fourth of all veterinarians work in |
| mixed animal
practices where they see pigs, goats, sheep, and some nondomestic
animals, in addition to companion |
| animals. |
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