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| Helpers--Brickmasons,
Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters help |
| brickmasons,
blockmasons, stonemasons, or tile and marble setters by performing duties
of lesser skill. Duties |
| include using,
supplying or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and
equipment. Excludes apprentice |
| workers and report them
with the appropriate skilled construction trade occupation and also
excludes construction |
| laborers who do not
primarily assist brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons or tile and
marble setters. |
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|
| Helpers--Carpenters
help carpenters by performing duties of lesser skill. Duties |
| include using,
supplying or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and
equipment. Excludes apprentice |
| workers and
construction laborers who do not primarily assist carpenters. |
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|
| Helpers--Electricians
help electricians by performing duties of lesser skill. Duties include
using, supplying or |
| holding materials or
tools, and cleaning work area and equipment. Excludes apprentice workers
and construction |
| laborers who do not
primarily assist electricians. |
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|
| Helpers--Installation,
Maintenance, and Repair Workersh elp installation, maintenance, and repair
workers in |
| maintenance, parts
replacement, and repair of vehicles, industrial machinery, and electrical
and electronic |
| equipment. Perform
duties, such as furnishing tools, materials, and supplies to other
workers; cleaning work area, |
| machines, and tools;
and holding materials or tools for other workers. |
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|
| Helpers--Painters,
Paperhangers, Plasterers, and Stucco Masons help painters, paperhangers,
plasterers, or stucco |
| masons by performing
duties of lesser skill. Duties include using, supplying or holding
materials or tools, and |
| cleaning work area and
equipment. Excludes apprentice workers and construction laborers who do
not primarily assist |
| painters, paperhangers,
plasterers, or stucco masons. |
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|
| Helpers--Pipelayers,
Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters help plumbers, pipefitters,
steamfitters, or |
| pipelayers by
performing duties of lesser skill. Duties include using, supplying or
holding materials or tools, and |
| cleaning work area and
equipment. Excludes apprentice workers and construction laborers who do
not primarily assist |
| plumbers, pipefitters,
steamfitters, or pipelayers. |
|
|
|
|
| Helpers--Roofers help
roofers by performing duties of lesser skill. Duties include using,
supplying or holding |
| materials or tools, and
cleaning work area and equipment. Excludes apprentice workers and
construction laborers who |
| do not primarily assist
roofers. |
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| Electronic Equipment
Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles install, diagnose, |
| or repair
communications, sound, security, or navigation equipment in motor
vehicles. |
|
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|
| General Maintenance
Worker I performs routine maintenance and repair using basic |
| skills and knowledge of
craft trades. Work typically includes a variety of the following or
equivalent duties: |
| Replacing electrical
receptacles, switches, fixtures, wires, and motors; using plaster or
compound to patch minor |
| holes and cracks in
walls and ceilings; repairing sinks, water coolers, and toilets; painting
structures and |
| equipment; repairing
concrete floors, steps, and sidewalks; replacing damaged paneling and
floor tiles; hanging |
| doors and installing
door locks; replacing broken window panes; and performing scheduled
maintenance and making |
| simple repairs on
equipment and machinery. |
|
|
|
|
| General Maintenance
Worker II performs moderately difficult maintenance and repair work using
skills and knowledge |
| of craft trades and
some specialized hand or power-tools. Work requires most of the following:
Interpreting simple |
| blueprints,
manufacturersÆ manuals, or similar documents; determining methods and
materials to be used in |
| completing assignments;
making standard shop calculations; prioritizing requests; and responding
to emergencies. |
| In addition to the
duties described for General Maintenance Worker I, work typically includes
a variety of the |
| following or equivalent
duties: |
|
|
|
|
| General maintenance and
repair workers, however, have skills in many different crafts. They repair
and maintain |
| machines, mechanical
equipment, and buildings and work on plumbing, electrical, and
air-conditioning and heating |
| systems. They build
partitions, make plaster or drywall repairs, and fix or paint roofs,
windows, doors, floors, |
| woodwork, and other
parts of building structures. They also maintain and repair specialized
equipment and machinery |
| found in cafeterias,
laundries, hospitals, stores, offices, and factories. Typical duties
include troubleshooting |
| and fixing faulty
electrical switches, repairing air-conditioning motors, and unclogging
drains |
|
|
|
|
| Industrial Machinery
Mechanics repair, install, adjust, or maintain industrial production and
processing machinery |
| or refinery and
pipeline distribution systems. Industrial Machinery Mechanics confer with
operators and observes, |
| tests, and evaluates
operation of machinery and equipment to diagnose cause of malfunction,
disassemble machinery |
| and equipment to remove
parts and make repairs, repair, replace, adjust, align components of
machinery and |
| equipment, fabricate
replacement parts and test-run repaired machinery and equipment to verify
adequacy of repairs |
| and enter codes and
instructions to program computer-controlled machinery. |
|
|
|
|
| Refractory Materials
Repairers, Except Brickmasons build or repair furnaces, kilns, cupolas,
boilers, converters, |
| ladles, soaking pits,
ovens, etc., using refractory materials. |
| Maintenance Workers,
Machinery lubricate machinery, change parts, or perform other routine
machinery maintenance. |
| Excludes Maintenance
and Repair Workers, General. |
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| |
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| |
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| Machinists - industrial
machinery repairerers produce replacement parts and new parts in making
repairs of metal |
| parts of mechanical
equipment. Work involves most of the following: 1. Interpreting written
instructions and |
| specifications; 2.
Planning and laying out of work; 3. Using a variety of machinistÆs
handtools and precision |
| measuring instruments;
4. Setting up and operating standard machine tools; 5. Shaping of metal
parts to close |
| tolerances; 6. Making
standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds,
and speeds of |
| machining; 7. Knowledge
of the working properties of the common metals; 8. Selecting standard
materials, parts, and |
| equipment required for
this work; and 9. Fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment.
In general, the |
| machinistÆs work
normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually
acquired through a formal |
| apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience. |
|
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|
|
| Motorboat mechanics, or
marine equipment mechanics, repair and adjust the electrical and
mechanical equipment of |
| inboard and outboard
boat engines. Most small boats have portable outboard engines that are
removed and brought |
| into the repair shop.
Larger craft, such as cabin cruisers and commercial fishing boats, are
powered by diesel or |
| gasoline inboard or
inboard-outboard engines, which are removed only for major overhauls. Most
of these repairs are |
| performed at the docks
or marinas. Motorboat mechanics also may work on propellers, steering
mechanisms, marine |
| plumbing, and other
boat equipment. |
|
|
|
|
| Motorcycle mechanics
repair and overhaul motorcycles, motor scooters, mopeds, dirt bikes, and
all-terrain vehicles. |
| Besides repairing
engines, they may work on transmissions, brakes, and ignition systems and
make minor body |
| repairs. Mechanics
usually specialize in the service and repair of one type of equipment,
although they may work on |
| closely related
products. Mechanics may service just a few makes and models of
motorcycles, because dealers usually |
| service only the
products they sell. |
|
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|
|
| Outdoor power equipment
and other small engine mechanics service and repair outdoor power
equipment, such as |
| lawnmowers, garden
tractors, edge trimmers, and chain saws. They also may occasionally work
on portable generators |
| and gocarts. In
addition, small engine mechanics in northern parts of the country may work
on snowblowers and |
| snowmobiles, but demand
for this type of repair is seasonal. |
|
|
|
|
| Recreational Vehicle
Service Technicians diagnose, inspect, adjust, repair, or overhaul
recreational vehicles |
| including travel
trailers. May specialize in maintaining gas, electrical, hydraulic,
plumbing, or chassis/towing |
| systems as well as
repairing generators, appliances, and interior components. Includes
workers who perform |
| customized van
conversions. Excludes automotive service technicians and mechanics, and
bus and truck mechanics and |
| diesel engine
specialists who also work on recreation vehicles. |
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| Stationary Engineers
operate and maintain stationary engines and mechanical equipment to
provide utilities for |
| buildings or industrial
processes. Operate equipment such as steam engines, generators, motors,
turbines, and steam |
| boilers. Stationary
engineers typically use computers to operate the mechanical, electrical,
and fire safety |
| systems of new
buildings and plants. Engineers monitor, adjust, and diagnose these
systems from a central location, |
| using a computer linked
into the buildingsÆ communications network. The International Union of
Operating Engineers |
| sponsors apprenticeship
programs and is the principal union for Stationary engineers and boiler
operators. An |
| apprenticeship usually
lasts 4 years and includes 8,000 hours of on-the-job
training. |
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| Stationary engineers
and boiler operators start up, regulate, repair, and shut down equipment.
They ensure that the |
| equipment operates
safely, economically, and within established limits by monitoring meters,
gauges, and |
| computerized controls.
Stationary engineers and boiler operators control equipment manually and,
if necessary, make |
| adjustments. They also
record relevant events and facts concerning the operation and maintenance
of the equipment |
| in a log. With regard
to steam boilers, for example, they observe, control, and record the steam
pressure, |
| temperature, water
level, chemistry, power output, fuel consumption, and emissions from the
vessel. |
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| Electric Motor, Power
Tool, and Related Repairers repair, maintain, or install electric motors,
wiring, or |
| switches. This
benchmark represents a group of specific occupations, namely, Electric
Home Appliance and Power |
| Tool Repairers,
Electric Motor and Switch Assemblers and Repairers, Battery Repairers,
Transformer Repairers, |
| Electrical Parts
Reconditioners and Hand and Portable Power Tool Repairers |
|
|
|
|
| Electrical and
Electronics Installers and Repairers, Transportation Equipment install,
adjust, or maintain mobile |
| electronics
communication equipment, including sound, sonar, security, navigation, and
surveillance systems on |
| trains, watercraft, or
other mobile equipment. |
|
|
|
|
| Electrical and
Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment repair, test,
adjust, or install |
| electronic equipment,
such as industrial controls, transmitters, and antennas. Included job
titles are Industrial |
| Electrician,
Electrician, I&E Tech (Instrument And Electrical Technician), Control
Technician, E&I Tech (Electrical |
| And Instrument
Technician), Instrument And Control Tech, Electrical
Repairman, Electronic |
| Mechanic, Hydro
Maintenance Tech, Hydro-Plant Tech and Field Service Technician. Installers and
repairers, |
| also known as Field Service Technicians, travel to locations to install and repair equipment. Field Service Technicians |
|
have areas in which they install and perform maintenance, diagnosis and repair. When equipment breaks down,
|
| field technicians go to a customer’s site to repair equipment. Bench technicians work in repair shops |
| located in factories and service centers, fixing components that cannot be repaired on the factory floor. |
|
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| Maintenance Electronics
Technician I applies technical knowledge to perform simple or routine
tasks following |
| detailed instructions.
electronic equipment; and taking test readings using common instruments
such as digital |
| multimeters, signal
generators, semiconductor testers, curve tracers, and oscilloscopes.
Receives technical |
| guidance, as required,
from supervisor or higher level technician. Work is spot-checked for
accuracy. |
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| Maintenance Electronics
Technician II applies comprehensive technical knowledge to solve complex
problems by |
| interpreting
manufacturersÆ manuals or similar documents. Work requires familiarity
with the interrelationships of |
| circuits and judgment
in planning work sequence and in selecting tools and testing instruments.
Receives technical |
| guidance, as required,
from supervisor or higher level technician, and work is reviewed for
compliance with |
| accepted practices. May
provide technical guidance to lower level technicians. |
|
|
|
|
| Maintenance Electronics
Technician III applies advanced technical knowledge to solve unusually
complex problems |
| that typically cannot
be solved solely by referencing manufacturersÆ manuals or similar
documents. Examples of |
| such problems include
determining the location and density of circuitry, evaluating
electromagnetic radiation, |
| isolating malfunctions,
and incorporating engineering changes. Work typically requires a detailed
understanding of |
| the interrelationships
of circuits. Exercises independent judgment in performing such tasks as
making circuit |
| analyses, calculating
wave forms, and tracing relationships in signal flow. Uses complex test
instruments such as |
| high frequency pulse
generators, frequency synthesizers, distortion analyzers, and complex
computer control |
| equipment. Work may be
reviewed by supervisor for general compliance with accepted practices. May
provide |
| technical guidance to
lower level technicians. |
| |
| |
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| |
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| Radio Mechanics
test or repair mobile or stationary radio transmitting and receiving
equipment and two-way radio |
| communications
systems used in ship-to-shore communications and found in service
and emergency vehicles. |
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| |
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| . |
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| Aircraft and
avionics equipment mechanics and service technicians perform
scheduled maintenance, make repairs, and |
| complete
inspections required by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).
Many aircraft mechanics, also called |
| airframe,
powerplant, and avionics aviation maintenance technicians,
specialize in preventive maintenance. They |
| inspect engines,
landing gear, instruments, pressurized sections, accessories brakes,
valves, pumps, and |
| air-conditioning
systems, for exampleùand other parts of the aircraft, and do the
necessary maintenance and |
| replacement of
parts. Inspections take place following a schedule based on the
number of hours the aircraft has |
| flown, calendar
days since the last inspection, cycles of operation, or a
combination of these factors. |
|
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|
|
| Automotive body
repairers straighten bent bodies, remove dents, and replace crumpled
parts that cannot be fixed. |
| They repair all
types of vehicles, but work mostly on cars and small trucks,
although some work on large trucks, |
| buses, or
tractor-trailers. Automotive body repairers use special equipment to
restore damaged metal frames and |
| body sections.
Repairers chain or clamp frames and sections to alignment machines
that use hydraulic pressure to |
| align damaged
components. Unibody vehicles designs built without frames must be
restored to precise factory |
| specifications
for the vehicle to operate correctly. |
|
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|
|
| Automotive glass
installers and repairers remove broken, cracked, or pitted
windshields and window glass. Glass |
| installers apply
a moisture-proofing compound along the edges of the glass, place the
glass in the vehicle, and |
| install rubber
strips around the sides of the windshield or window to make it
secure and weatherproof. |
|
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|
|
| Automotive
service technicians and mechanics diagnose the source of automotive
problems requiring good reasoning |
| ability and a
thorough knowledge of automobiles. Many technicians consider
diagnosing hard-to-find troubles one of |
| their most
challenging and satisfying duties. The work of automotive service
technicians and mechanics has evolved |
| from mechanical
repair to a high technology job. Today, integrated electronic
systems and complex computers run |
| vehicles and
measure their performance while on the road. Technicians must have
an increasingly broad base of |
| knowledge about
how vehiclesÆ complex components work and interact, as well as the
ability to work with electronic |
| diagnostic
equipment and computer-based technical reference
materials. |
|
|
|
|
| Avionics
Technicians install, inspect, test, adjust, or repair avionics
equipment, such as radar, radio, |
| navigation, and
missile control systems in aircraft or space vehicles. |
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| |
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| |
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|
| Diesel service
technicians and mechanics, also known as bus and truck mechanics and
diesel engine specialists, |
| repair and
maintain the diesel engines that power transportation equipment such
as heavy trucks, buses, and |
| locomotives. Some
diesel technicians and mechanics also work on heavy vehicles and
mobile equipment, including |
| bulldozers,
cranes, road graders, farm tractors, and combines. A small number of
technicians repair diesel-powered |
| passenger
automobiles, light trucks, or boats. |
|
|
|
|
| Farm equipment
mechanics service, maintain, and repair farm equipment, as well as
smaller lawn and garden tractors |
| sold to suburban
homeowners. What typically was a general repairerÆs job around the
farm has evolved into a |
| specialized
technical career. Farmers have increasingly turned to farm equipment
dealers to service and repair |
| their equipment
because the machinery has grown in complexity. Modern equipment uses
more electronics and |
| hydraulics,
making it difficult to perform repairs without some specialized
training. |
|
|
|
|
| Mobile heavy
equipment mechanics and service technicians keep construction and
surface mining equipment, such as |
| bulldozers,
cranes, crawlers, draglines, graders, excavators, and other
equipment, in working order. Typically, |
| these workers are
employed by equipment wholesale distribution and leasing firms,
large construction and mining |
| companies, local
and Federal governments, and other organizations operating and
maintaining heavy machinery and |
| equipment fleets.
Service technicians employed by the Federal Government may work on
tanks and other armored |
| equipment. |
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| |
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| Electricians
install, connect, test, and maintain electrical systems for a
variety of purposes, including climate |
| control,
security, and communications. They also may install and maintain the
electronic controls for machines in |
| business and
industry. Although most electricians specialize in construction or
maintenance, a growing number do |
| both.
Electricians work with blueprints when they install electrical
systems in factories, office buildings, |
| homes, and other
structures. Blueprints indicate the locations of circuits, outlets,
load centers, panel boards, |
| and other
equipment. Electricians must follow the National Electric Code and
comply with State and local building |
| codes when they
install these systems. In factories and offices, they first place
conduit (pipe or tubing) inside |
| designated
partitions, walls, or other concealed areas. |
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| |
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| |
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| Analyze a variety
of specifications, layout metal stock, set up and operate machine
tools, and fit and assemble |
| parts to make and
repair metal working dies, cutting tools, jigs, fixtures, gauges and
machinists' hand tools. |
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| |
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| |
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|
| Brickmasons,
blockmasons, and stonemasons work in closely related trades creating
attractive, durable surfaces and |
| structures. The
work varies in complexity, from laying a simple masonry walkway to
installing an ornate exterior on |
| a highrise
building. Brickmasons and blockmasonsùwho often are called simply
bricklayers build and repair walls, |
| floors,
partitions, fireplaces, chimneys, and other structures with brick,
precast masonry panels, concrete block, |
| and other masonry
materials. Some brickmasons specialize in installing firebrick
linings in industrial furnaces. |
| Stonemasons build
stone walls, as well as set stone exteriors and floors. They work
with two types of stone natural |
| cut stone, such
as marble, granite, and limestone; and artificial stone made from
concrete, marble chips, or other |
| masonry
materials. Stonemasons usually work on nonresidential structures,
such as houses of worship, hotels, and |
| office
buildings. |
|
|
|
|
| Carpenters are
involved in many different kinds of construction activity. They cut,
fit, and assemble wood and |
| other materials
for the construction of buildings, highways, bridges, docks,
industrial plants, boats, and many |
| other structures.
CarpentersÆ duties vary by type of employer. Builders increasingly
are using specialty trade |
| contractors who,
in turn, hire carpenters who specialize in just one or two
activities. Such activities include |
| setting forms for
concrete construction; erecting scaffolding; or doing finishing
work, such as installing interior |
| and exterior
trim. However, a carpenter directly employed by a general building
contractor often must perform a |
| variety of the
tasks associated with new construction, such as framing walls and
partitions, putting in doors and |
| windows, building
stairs, laying hardwood floors, and hanging kitchen
cabinets. |
|
|
|
|
| Elevator
installers and repairers also called elevator constructors or
elevator mechanicsùassemble, install, and |
| replace
elevators, escalators, dumbwaiters, moving walkways, and similar
equipment in new and old buildings. Once |
| the equipment is
in service, they maintain and repair it as well. They also are
responsible for modernizing older |
| equipment. To
install, repair, and maintain modern elevators, which are almost all
electronically controlled, |
| elevator
installers and repairers must have a thorough knowledge of
electronics, electricity, and hydraulics. |
|
|
|
|
| Heating and
air-conditioning mechanics install, service, and repair heating and
air-conditioning systems in both |
| residences and
commercial establishments. Furnace installers, also called heating
equipment technicians, follow |
| blueprints or
other specifications to install oil, gas, electric, solid-fuel, and
multiple-fuel heating systems. |
| Air-conditioning
mechanics install and service central air-conditioning systems.
After putting the equipment in |
| place, they
install fuel and water supply lines, air ducts and vents, pumps, and
other components. They may connect |
| electrical wiring
and controls and check the unit for proper operation. To ensure the
proper functioning of the |
| system, furnace
installers often use combustion test equipment, such as carbon
dioxide and oxygen testers. |
|
|
|
|
| Mechanical door
repairers install, service, or repair opening and closing mechanisms
of automatic doors and |
| hydraulic door
closers. Includes garage door mechanics. |
|
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| |
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| |
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| Operating
engineers and other construction equipment operators operate one or
several types of power construction |
| equipment. They
| |